The Purosangue Orientale or Puro Sangue Orientale (PSO) is a horse breed developed in the Kingdom of Italy by Royal Decree n° 2690 of 19 September 1875 which created a stud book dedicated to the breed. Beginning in 1864 the Italian Government had sent emissaries into Syria and Mesopotamia to purchase desert bred Arabian horses directly from Bedouin tribes . Numerous stallions and mares were purchased and brought back to Sicily many being destined for the Royal Remount Station in Catania.